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National Security
11:08 am
Tue October 16, 2012

Cyberattacks Escalate Around The Globe

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By editor

Originally published on Sun October 21, 2012 8:02 am

Transcript

NEAL CONAN, HOST:

This is TALK OF THE NATION. I'm Neal Conan in Washington. Last month, customers of Bank of America, JP Morgan Chase and Wells Fargo and several other banks were unable to access their bank accounts. Hackers overwhelmed the sites with traffic that made them extremely slow or totally unresponsive. No funds were lost, but it was a nuisance.

Months earlier in Saudi Arabia, a virus named Shamoon spread through 30,000 of the computers of ARAMCO, the world's largest oil company, and erased file after file.

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Shots - Health News
10:38 am
Tue October 16, 2012

Feds Seek Comments On Bird Flu Safety Fears

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An electron microscope view of the bird flu virus.
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Here's your chance to weigh in on mutant forms of bird flu that have been in the news — the U.S. government wants to know just how scary you think these new viruses are.

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The Two-Way
10:34 am
Tue October 16, 2012

Citigroup CEO's Exit Leaves Wall Street Scratching Its Head

Credit Spencer Platt / Getty Images
Vikram Pandit on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange on in June.
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Originally published on Tue October 16, 2012 10:36 am

Today's announcement that Vikram Pandit had abruptly resigned as chief executive of banking giant Citigroup has left competitors, analysts and media pundits stunned and sputtering.

"This comes as a huge surprise," William George, a Goldman Sachs board member, said in an interview on CNBC.

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The Two-Way
10:22 am
Tue October 16, 2012

A Victory For Obama, High Court Refuses Ohio Early Voting Case

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By Eyder Peralta

With a one sentence decision, the U.S. Supreme Court handed President Obama a victory today.

The court refused to hear a case that sought to block early voting Ohio. The AP reports:

"The court on Tuesday refused a Republican request to get involved in a dispute over early voting in the state on the three days before Election Day.

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Shots - Health News
10:16 am
Tue October 16, 2012

At Polio's Epicenter, Vaccinators Battle Chaos And Indifference

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Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Kano, in northern Nigeria, has been called the "epicenter" of the current polio outbreak. This part of Nigeria is the only place in the world where polio cases are increasing.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
The emir of Kano state is the highest-ranking Muslim leader in northern Nigeria. Wada Mohamed Aliyu, seen here, is the emir's point man on polio. Local imams boycotted polio vaccination in 2003 and 2004, but now solidly support immunization.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
The small farming village of Minjibir, in northern Nigeria, has seen six cases of polio this year. Polio was eliminated from the Western Hemisphere in the early 1990s. It was stamped out in Europe a few years later.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Ado Ibrahim carries his son Aminu through the village of Minjibir in northern Nigeria. Aminu, 4, was paralyzed by polio in August.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Adamu Ali carries his 4-year-old son, Omar, who was stricken with polio earlier this year. They live in the village of Minjibir.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
A polio immunization poster is taped on a walk-in refrigerator at a new cold storage facility at a hospital in Kano. The oral polio vaccine must be kept refrigerated; that's been a challenge in a place with only intermittent access to electricity.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
A nurse at the health clinic in Minjibir prepares to distribute free bed nets to combat malaria. Campaigns like this one, which offers services for malaria, attract local residents to the clinic. While they're there, residents are encouraged to get their children vaccinated against polio.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
At the health clinic in Minjibir, women wait for their children to receive the polio vaccine.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Sahya Idriss, a service provider at the health clinic in Minjibir, carries a vial of the polio vaccine.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
A child is vaccinated against polio at the Minjibir health clinic. The procedure, in which two drops of vaccine are pinched into a child's mouth, only takes a few seconds. Children should get at least three doses of the vaccine, spread out over time.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Hawa Bello, a social mobilization consultant with UNICEF in Kano, meets with community volunteers. The volunteers are given a small stipend to guide polio immunization teams through their individual neighborhoods. It's the volunteer's job to make sure every child under 5 in a given neighborhood gets vaccinated.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Men of all ages gather at a welding shop run by polio victims. The men make hand-cranked tricycles and customized motor scooters for people paralyzed by polio.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Sani Mohamed is a welder and mechanic at a shop run by polio victims in Kano.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
A man naps at a scooter and tricycle shop run by polio victims in Kano.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
A child crosses a bridge over the cement-lined Gogo stream, which flows behind the main market in Kano. Sanitation workers regularly test the sewage here for the presence of the polio virus.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Sahya Idriss, a service provider at the health clinic in Minjibir, carries a vial of the polio vaccine.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Ado Ibrahim carries his son Aminu through a village in northern Nigeria. Aminu was paralyzed by polio in August.
Credit Wikimedia Commons
The city of Kano has been called the epicenter of the current polio outbreak. It's located in the central part of northern Nigeria.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
Wada Mohamed Aliyu is the representative for the emir of Kano state, the highest-ranking Muslim leader in the area. Local imams boycotted polio vaccination in 2003 and 2004, but they now solidly support immunization.
Credit David Gilkey / NPR
A child is immunized against polio at the health clinic in a farming village in northern Nigeria. The procedure involves pinching two drops of the vaccine into the child's mouth. For full protection, the child needs three doses, spaced out over time.
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Originally published on Thu November 1, 2012 1:16 pm

Polio was eliminated from the Western Hemisphere in the early 1990s. It was stamped out in Europe a few years later. And now, even the Congo and Somalia are polio free.

But in Africa's largest oil-producing nation, Nigeria, polio has been a difficult, contentious foe.

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